美英两国高校教师绩效评价制度比较与思考

The Comparison and Thinking of Performance Evaluation System of College Teachers in America and England

高校教师绩效评价在学术界存在发展性评价和奖惩性评价两种价值取向的争论,同时在实践中也存在分别以美英两国为代表的两类评价模式。美国奖惩性教师绩效评价具有多重特色和优点,然而也面临诸多非议;英国高校教师绩效评价机制早期重奖惩,后转向注重教师专业发展,虽有所长却鲜见实效,现又寻求奖惩而深陷困境。两国评价制度改革的反复过程以事实胜于雄辩的力量证实了一个道理:完善高校教师绩效评价体系应坚持发展与奖惩并重。

The performance evaluation of college teachers exists two kinds of dispute in academic circles,and also two types of appraisal practice mode in England and America at the same time.The performance appraisal of America has multiple features and advantages,but also faces many hostile opinions;The performance evaluation mechanism of England practiced prize and punishment in early days,and changed to promote teachers＇profession development later.It has some advantages but bad results,now it faces a new reform.Two countries＇evaluation system reform confirmed a truth that perfect the performance evaluation system of college teachers should insist to develop and to encourage teachers together.