新中国生物教科书60年之演进

60 Years Development of New China's Biological Textbook

生物学作为中学的必修课程始于清朝末年。新中国成立初期的17年,虽有对教科书编写的自主探索,但基本没能摆脱效仿苏联的命运;文革10年,生物教科书基本被完全否定;改革开放后的30年,生物教科书开始走向繁荣和兴盛。整体上看,新中国成立的60年,中学生物学课程与教科书经历了从全盘照搬国外,到自主探索,从全盘否定到全面左倾,到拨乱反正最后到全面深化改革的发展过程。

As a compulsory course of secondary school,biology began in late Qing Dynasty.Although,textbook writing in the first 17 founding years of New China underwent independent exploration,but it didn＇t get rid of the fate of imitating the soviet mode basically;The 10 years Cultural Revolution was a complete denial period of biological textbooks;30 years after the reform and opening,biological textbooks began to boom and flourish.Overall,the past 60 years after the New china,secondary school biological curriculum and textbooks experienced a process of development that from overall copy abroad,to independent exploration,from total negation to comprehensive left-leaning,to bringing order out of chaos,and finally to comprehensively deepen reforms.