论国际难民保护政策的发展演变

On the Evolution of the Policy of Refugee Protection

难民问题是一个历史性问题,在西方民主国家建立与难民有关的国际组织之前,各种宗教组织以及古代统治者已根据自己的规范和信仰为逃离迫害之人提供庇护,以色列的《旧约全书》最早提到了"难民"一词,并对难民的定义有所涉及。1951年《难民地位公约》和联合国难民署在冷战期间的作用和角色也严重的受到西方民主国家的支配和控制,使其难民政策带有浓厚的政治特征,成为西方国家的重要政治工具。

The problem of refugees is a historical question.Before the appearance of western refuge organization,the religious organization and ancient governor had sheltered people with hardship based on their customs and beliefs.The word of refugee is first found in Jehovist which defines the word.The paper holds that the role of Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1951 and of UNHCR is under the control of western countries during the Cold War,which politicizes the refugee policy to degenerate into the political tool of these countries.