元刊杂剧选择问句研究

The Study of Alternative Interrogative Sentences in Yuankan Zaju

汉语选择问句从先秦到近代发生了重要变化,元刊杂剧作为现存唯一的元刻杂剧选本,是我们研究近代汉语的珍贵文献。全面考察元刊杂剧中并列问句和反复问句的结构后发现,"VPNegVP"式在元刊杂剧中是一种占据优势的反复问句,"是"字并列问句在元刊杂剧时代也有较大的发展;在句尾语气词趋于减少的同时,元刊杂剧中出现了大量句中语气词,这与汉语发展的总体趋势是相符的,又带有元杂剧自身的显著特征。

Chinese alternative questions have undergone great changes since Pre-Qin perold. Yuankan Zaju is precious literature to the study of the language of Yuan Dynasty, as it is the only existing inscribed poetic drama by Yuan Dynasty. According to a survey on the structures of parallel questions and repeating questions in Yuankan Zaju, the pattern＂ VPNegVP＂ gains advantage over others, and ＂shi＂- parallel questions develops rapidly during the Yuankan Zaju period. With the diminution of the modal particles at the end of sentences, the tone-words in the middle of the sentence are widely used. Not only does this phenomenon accord with the overall development trend of Chinese language, but also it manifests its own characteristics.