民意机构的缺失——五四时期的国会

On Absence of the Organization of Public Opinions——Congress in the Period of May Fourth Movement

五四运动作为中国现代史上第一次大规模的爱国救亡运动,最初以学潮的形式出现,继之以工人市商的支持,从而取得了巨大成功。传统认为五四运动爆发的主要根源在于巴黎和会的外交失败和军阀政府的黑暗统治,但忽略了作为当时名义上共和政体的民意机构——国会的调节功能。作为立法和民意机构的国会的无所作为,正是汹涌的民意通过学潮这种非正常的途径得以爆发的重要原因之一。

As a large-scale patriotic movement for the first time in Chinese modern history,May Fourth Movement broke out in the form of student strikes,and turned to be a great success with the support from workers and businessmen.It has been traditionally thought that the main causes lie in the dark governance of warlord and the diplomatic failure of the Paris meeting,but it has been neglected adjusting functions of the congress,which at that time was an law-making organization based on public opinions under the republican system.The paper focuses on its uselessness,which should be a key cause of May Fourth Movement.