公民服从的伦理特性

Ethical Characteristics of Civil Obedience

服从现象在生活中随处可见,公民服从是政治生活中的服从现象,这种现象并非只有政治性,同时也具有道德性。从现代民主制度的视角看,公民作为政治共同体的主人,应当以维护公民个体基本权利和保障社会共同体利益为基础,制订出合乎正义的社会法律,并以此作为自己服从的对象。公民虽然服从的是一种外在的法律权威,但这一权威来源于公民之间达成的契约,因而公民只是在服从自己的意愿、服从一种公意。这样的服从具有自愿性、双向性、目的正当性等伦理特征,也具有维护个人权益、促进公共利益、监督公共权力的规范行使等伦理价值。

The subject phenomenon can be seen everywhere in life,the political life of civil obedience is the one of the phenomenon,.This phenomenon is not only political,but also is of a moral.From the perspective of modern democracy,citizens as masters of political community should be to safeguard the fundamental right of individual citizens and the protection of the interests of the social community based on social justice,worked out in line with the law,and as the object of his obedience.Although citizens to obey the law is an external authority,the authority comes from the contract concluded between citizens,so citizens only in obedience to their will,obedience to an general will.This subject has a voluntary,two-way nature,the purpose of legitimacy and other ethical characteristics,but also with the protection of individual rights and promoting the public interest,monitoring the exercise of public power and other ethical values norms.