汶川大地震后都江堰某镇中学学生心理状况研究

Psychological status of the students in a certain town of Dujiangyan after the Wenchuan earthquake

目的了解汶川大地震后都江堰某镇中学学生的心理状况,为进一步开展心理干预提供依据。方法 2008年9月下旬,对极重灾区都江堰某镇中学1500名同学进行了调查,收回有效问卷1498份。采用一般情况调查问卷、儿童事件影响量表(CRIES-13)、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)进行集体施测。结果该中学学生灾后4个月创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状检出率29.71%(445/1498),抑郁症状检出率23.10%(346/1498),焦虑症状检出率33.11%(496/1498),PTSD症状伴随抑郁症状检出率为13.62%(204/1498),PTSD症状伴随焦虑症状检出率为17.16%(257/1498),PTSD症状同时伴随抑郁、焦虑症状检出率为13.22%(198/1498)。创伤后应激反应指数与抑郁总分、焦虑总分呈显著正相关(r=0.332,r=0.298,P均<0.001)。经非条件逐步Logistic回归,筛选出PTSD、抑郁、焦虑症状的共同影响因素有:绝望感、年龄、性别、是否目睹死亡、家人情况、地震时是否受伤。结论汶川大地震后,应该持续关注学生的心理状况,并持续给予心理干预或治疗。

Objective To research psychological status of the students in a certain town of Dujiangyan after the Wenchuan earthquake,and to provide the information for the psychological and medical intrvention.Methods In the last third of the Setember,2008,1500 students of a certain middle school in the Dujiangyan in the severe disaster areas were evaluated by using general inventory（self-writing）,The Children Revised Impact of Event Scale（CRIES-13）,the Sereen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders（SCARED）,Depression Self-rating Scale for Children（DSRSC）.About 1498 victims accomplished the survey.Results The rate of diagnosis of PTSD was 29.71% among students of a secondary school 4 months after the earthquake.The rate of diagnosis of PTSD was 29.71%.The rate of diagnosis of depression was 23.10%.The rate of diagnosis of anxiety was 33.11%.The rate of diagnosis of PTSD with depression was 13.62%（204/1498）.The rate of diagnosis of PTSD and anxiety was 17.16%（257/1498）.The rate of diagnosis of PTSD and depression and anxiety was 13.22%（198/1498）.There were postive correlation between post traumatic stress disorder reaction index and the total score of depression and the total score of anxiety（r=0.332,r=0.298,P0.001）.Though non-condition gradual Logistic regression,we found the common factors which influenced PTSD,anxiety,depression：desperation,age,sex,whether witnessed death or not,the condition of family member,whether hurted or not.Conclusions After the Wenchuan earthquake,it should be sustained attention to children＇s psychological status,and continue to give psychological intervention or treatment.