土著微生物对尾矿中重金属的淋滤研究

Bioleaching of Heavy Metals from Mine Tailings by Indigenous Microorganisms

生物淋滤对尾矿的重金属污染处理的效果已经得到了广泛的认可.在对酸性尾矿中的土著氧化硫硫杆菌以及氧化亚铁硫杆菌进行分离以及加富培养的基础上,分别运用单一菌种以及混合菌种对尾矿样本进行淋滤处理.通过12 d的淋滤实验,实验室结果表明,分离出的氧化亚铁硫杆菌以及氧化硫硫杆菌等土著微生物具有较高的利用价值.同时实验表明,在采用适当菌种的前提下,尾矿中重金属的溶解率都得到了不同程度的提高:土著氧化亚铁硫杆菌对Zn的淋滤效果最好,达到了98.12%;对于Cu的淋滤,土著氧化亚铁硫杆菌与土著氧化硫硫杆菌的混合菌种的效果最好,达到88.75%.

Bioleaching heavy metal from mine tailings has been widely accepted.In this study,the bacteria indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans isolated from an acidic mine tailings dam were grown and acclimated in presence of mine tailings and then used as bioleaching bacteria to solubilize the mine tailings.After 12 days of bioleaching,the laboratory results of the experiment demonstrated that the indigenous bacteria had high value of bioleaching.And the percentages of copper and zinc solubilized into the leaching solution from tailings basically increased with the optimal bacteria.The percentage of Zn solubilized is 98.12% when indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans are used as bioleaching bacteria.The percentage of Cu solubilized is 88.75% when the mixture of indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans are used as bioleaching bacteria.