工具善·目的善——论弗米尔翻译目的论的有限合理性

Goodness of Means and Goodness of End——On the Limited Rationality of Vermeer's Skopos Theory

将弗米尔翻译目的论放在实践理性的视野下进行考查,认为翻译目的论解决了译者活动取向上"实用层面的应当"和工具善问题,却将"价值层面的应当"和目的善问题抛在其追问的视野之外,从而把翻译这种主体间的交往行为"异化"为工具目的行为,迷失了对翻译的价值关切,其合理性是有限的、相对的。工具善关乎实践活动的成败,目的善关乎实践活动的品位,翻译实践呼唤工具善和目的善的统一,实现全面的实践理性。

With the multi-dimensionality of ＂ought＂ as the starting point,this paper explores Vermeer＇s Skopos theory from the perspective of practical rationality and concludes that the Skopos theory,with all its concern on the efficiency of translation as a means,has settled the problem of ＂ought＂ in its practical dimension but ignored the problem of ＂ought＂ in its value dimension,and is thus limited and conditional in rationality.With the loss of value concern,the tool rationality of the Skopos theory puts translation,an inter-subjective communicative action,into the danger of being alienated into a tool-end action.The overall practical rationality of translation calls for an integration of goodness of means,which concerns the success or failure of practice,and goodness of aim,which concerns the moral quality of practice.