公元1-3世纪基督教与犹太人关系辨析

Analysis On the Relationship Between Christianity and Jews During the First-third Centuries A.D.

在基督教刚刚兴起的最初几十年里,基督徒的主要来源是犹太人,这些犹太基督徒大体上能够遵行摩西律法,他们对犹太民族的批判遵循着古代以色列圣经中自我批评的传统精神;尽管个别基督徒领袖人物死于犹太人之手,但这不过是希伯来人历史上常见的"兄弟相残"的延续而已。进入2世纪以后,随着外邦人基督徒在数量上获得了压倒优势,基督徒对于犹太教的批判开始由自我反省变异成了肆意的攻击,他们充分利用犹太先知们敦促人民悔改的话语,演绎出一整套反犹的理论。不过,在4世纪基督教正式官方化之前,基督徒与犹太人之间仍然存在着难以割舍的联系。

Christians were mostly from Jewish people in the first decades of years when Christianity came into being.Those Jewish Christians could abide basically by the Moses Law and their criticism on Jewry kept to the traditional spirit of self-criticism reflection interpreted in the Bible of Ancient Israel.Several Christian leaders being killed by Jews could be taken as the continuation of ＂Brothers Fight at home＂ which Hebrews frequently witnessed in history.From the 2nd century on,with the prevailing number of Gentiles Christians,Christians began launching their wanton attack on Judaism and deduced a full set of anti-judaism theories by distorting the sermons Jewish prophet admonish people to repent and mend their ways.Before it became official religion in the 4th century,however,Christianity still kept a strong affinity with Jews.