产后抑郁及相关心理社会因素调查

Investigation of Postpartum Depression and Correlated Psychosocial Factors

目的探讨产后抑郁症的发病情况及相关的心理社会因素,为早期心理卫生干预提供依据。方法采用爱丁堡抑郁量表及自拟的心理社会因素调查表,对300例初产妇产后6周的抑郁状况进行测评分析。结果产后抑郁的发生率为8.33%。产妇的年龄、学历、职业、居住条件、产科并发症、产后睡眠状况、夫妻关系、婆媳关系不同对产后抑郁的影响有显著性差异(P<0.05);而产妇的家庭收入、分娩方式、婴儿性别、喂养方式不同,对产后抑郁影响无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论初产妇产后抑郁发生率较高,心理社会因素对产后抑郁的影响不容忽视。医护人员应做好孕产妇在围产期中的心理卫生保健工作,使产妇愉快地度过情感危险期,从而降低产褥期抑郁的发生。

Objective To detect and analyze the disease incidence and its correlated psychosocial factors of postpartum depression to provide bases for early mental health intervention.Methods Assessments of depression status were conducted with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale（EPDS） and the Self-made Psychosocial Factor Questionnaire（SPFQ）in 300 primipara for 6 weeks after parturition. Results The incidence of postpartum depression was 8.33%.There were significant differences in effects of parturient＇ages and educational history,occupations,dwell conditions,obstetrics complications,postnatal sleep status,spousal relationships,relation-ships of mothers and daughters-in-law on postpartum depression（P〈0.05）;there were no significant differences in the effects of parturient＇family incomes,infant gender,delivery mode,and feeding patterns on postpartum depression（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of postpartum depression in primipara is higher and influences of psychosocial factors on postpartum depression cannot be ignored.Mental health services should be thought highly of during perinatal period to make parturient live through affect crises enjoyably, accordingly to reducing the developments of postpartum depression.