福建沿岸海产双壳类感染东方肛居吸虫研究

Infection of marine bivalves by Proctoeces orientalis in Fujian coast

本文研究福建沿岸滩涂双壳类受东方肛居吸虫侵袭的流行学规律,重点阐述宿主贝类种类,病原的地理分布,感染的季节动态,贝类和鱼类的感染途径、传播方式以及它们的生态学特性对感染的影响。

The metacercaria of Proctoeces orientalis was found in 9 of 15 marine bivalves examined at Xiapu, Lianjiang,Quanzhou ,Jinjiang,Tong'an Xiamen ,Longhai ,Zhangpu and Dongshan ,Fujian. As an annual mussel, the first intermediate host, Musculus senhousei, has a remarkable periodic change in the incidence yearly. An upward trend from last December(2.53%)to May (topping a peak of 11.62%)was followed by a fall in June(4.52%) and July (2.55%),when there was a sharp growth of the mussel population on the mudflat. The incidence reached the second peak (6.33%～6.42%)in August and September, when the mussel population was comparatively stable, but fell again and then levelled off after October,when the infected mussels were perishing,and then the old mussels died naturally while the parasite-egg-sowing fish,less often approached the mudflat when growing up. With the perennial clam, the main second intermediate host, Ruditapes philippinarum, the incidence is comparatively stable(29.35%～38.89%). Musculus senhousei has a dense population, comparatively low incidence and high infectiousness, while Ruditapes philippinarum has a sparse population, high incidence and low infectiousness. Various ways whereby the marine bivalves get infected were probed. The incidences and infectiousness can be heightened or controlled by closing or restraining the interrelation between the parasite (or the spreader)and the susceptible host.