文学翻译中的结构衔接问题初探

On the Problems of Structural Cohesion in Literary Translation

结构衔接中的及物性结构、语气结构、主位结构和信息结构对翻译的成败有着微妙而重要的作用,如果译者对原文结构衔接特征认识不足,不能在目标语中做出适当调整,会直接导致译文连贯的不当,甚至缺失。从及物性结构的角度来看,要在保持原文小句及物性结构的同时根据目标语的特点,按照所述事物发展的内在逻辑重新调整小句顺序,真正实现译文的连贯;从语气结构的角度来看,不同小句的主语选择关系到整个段落的叙述节奏和主题刻画,值得译者仔细斟酌;从主位结构的角度来看,小句之间紧密的主位结构关系可以突出主题,是译文连贯的有力保障;从信息结构的角度来看,能够意识到两种语言在信息结构上潜在的差异,并适当调整译入语的信息结构,会有力保证译文连贯性的实现。

Structural cohesion,such as transitivity structure,mood structure,thematic structure and information structure,exerts a subtle yet vital influence on translation.Failure to recognize the features of structural cohesion in the source text and make adjustments in the target text leads to the inadequacy or even lack of coherence in the translation.From the perspective of transitivity structure,readjustments of the order of clauses should be made according to the development of events to achieve coherence in translation while keeping the features of the transitivity structure of the source text;from the perspective of mood structure,the choice of subjects in different clauses has to be made carefully for it affects the coherence of the whole paragraph and representation of the theme;from the perspective of thematic structure,maintaining a close thematic structure between clauses helps depict the theme of the whole text;from the perspective of information structure,awareness of the differences between the source language and target language in terms of information structure and adjusting the translation accordingly help make the translation coherent.