中重度儿童支气管哮喘与生长发育指标关系对照研究分析

Case-control study of the relationship between children＇s moderate-severe asthma and development indicators

目的 观察中重度儿童支气管哮喘与生长发育的关系.方法 选择3～10岁中重度持续状态的哮喘患儿389例,并且按病情严重程度分为中度组（226例）和重度组（163例）,各组按年龄又分为3～岁（85例和63例）、5～岁（76例和52例）和7～10岁（65例和48例）3个组,选择同期同年龄段正常儿童298名作为对照组,其中3～岁96名、5～岁92名和7～10岁110名,分别测量其身高、体重及肺功能.结果 3～岁重度组身高值、体重值、身高百分位数、体重百分位数、身高标准差的离差法（SDS）数值、体重SDS[分别为（98.54±7.75）cm、（14.87±2.46）kg、50.30%±16.31%、50.27%±18.29%、0.11±0.66、0.06±0.49]均低于同年龄段的中度组[分别为（103.58±5.48）cm、（16.60±2.21）kg、65.80%±18.54%、65.10%±18.92%、0.46±0.53、0.45±0.54]及对照组[分别为（105.60±6.29）cm、（17.82±2.82）kg、72.37%±11.37%、71.92%±2.82%、0.66±0.62、0.66±0.52],差异具有统计学意义（F值分别为7.295、8.034、15.246、10.745、8.026、10.864,P值均＜0.05）.5～岁重度组身高值、体重值、身高百分位数、体重百分位数、身高SDS、体重SDS[分别为（110.10±7.36）cm、（18.76±3.20）kg、45.86%±18.92%、41.69%±12.50%、-0.95±0.42、-0.23±0.34]均低于同年龄段的中度组[分别为（117.76±6.35）cm、（21.63±2.75）kg、61.81%±20.75%、61.79%±18.92%、0.36±0.62、0.38±0.56]及对照组[分别为（119.90±5.78）cm、（22.80±3.07）kg、68.97%±18.59%、66.27%±18.35%、0.57±0.65、0.48±0.63],差异具有统计学意义（F值分别为8.351、7.864、15.037、13.921、12.116、11.725,P值均＜0.05）.重度组7～10岁身高值、体重值、身高百分位数、体重百分位数、身高SDS、体重SDS[分别为（123.50±9.52）cm、（23.82±5.72）kg、45.81%±15.51%、42.63%±14.91%、-0.06±0.48、-0.02±0.61]均低于同年龄段的中度组[分别为（129.10±8.41）cm、（26.70±5.72）kg、66.84%±16.09%、64.07%±18.58%、0.48±0.46、0.42±0.49]及对照组[分别为（131.87±7.71）cm、（28.06±6.01）kg、71.44%±12.70%、69.64%±16.20%、0.60±0.43、0.60±0.51],差异具有统计学意义（F值分别为6.136、6.678、57.316、37.893、37.210、34.152,P值均＜0.05）.3～、5～、7～10岁中度组身高值、体重值、身高百分位数、体重百分位数、身高SDS、体重SDS与同年龄段对照组比较有下降,但差异未见统计学意义（t值分别为-2.008、-1.988、-1.810、-1.879、-1.713、-1.844、-1.904、-2.019、-1.605、-1.017、-1.411、-0.713、-1.881、-1.896、-1.746、-1.906、-1.523、-1.864,P值均＞0.05）.结论 重度儿童哮喘身高及体重均低于同年龄段的中度哮喘儿童及正常儿童.

Objective To investigate the relationship between moderate-severe asthma and development in children. Methods A total of 389 children in the state of moderate-severe persistent asthma were enrolled, which were divided into moderate（226 cases）and severe group（ 163 cases）. According to age,each group was divided into three groups ：3- year-old（ 85 cases and 63 cases） ,5- year-old（ 76 cases and 52 cases） and 7 to 10 year-old（65 cases and 48 cases）. Meanwhile,298 healthy children in the same age group were enrolled as control,of which 3- year-old were 96 cases,5- year-old were 92 cases and 7 to 10 year-old were 110 cases. Height,weight and lung function were measured respectively. Results 3- year-old of severe group, the value of height, the value of weight, the percentage of height, the percentage of weight, the SDS of height,the SDS of weight[（98.54 ±7.75）cm,（14.87 ±2.46） kg, 50. 30% ± 16. 31%,50.27% ±18. 29% ,0. 11 ± 0. 66,0. 06 ± 0. 49, respectively] were lower than the moderate group of the same age group （（103.58±5.48）cm,（16.60±2.21）kg,65.80% ± 18.54%,65. 10% ± 18.92%,0.46 ±0.53,0.45 ±0. 54, respectively） and the control group （ （ 105.60 ± 6. 29 ） cm, （ 17. 82 ± 2. 82 ） kg,72. 37% ± 11.37%,71.92% ±2. 82% ,0. 66 ±0. 62,0. 66 ±0. 52） ,the difference was significant（ F values were 7.295,8. 034,15.246,10. 745,8. 026,10. 864, respectively, P 〈 0. 05 ）. 5- years of severe group, the value of height, the value of weight, the percentage of height, the percentage of weight, the SDS of height, the SDS of weight （（110.10±7.36）cm,（18.76 ±3.20）kg,45.86% ± 18.92%,41.69% ± 12.50%, -0.95 ±0.42,-0. 23 ±0. 34,respectively） were lower than the moderate group of the same age group （ （ 117.76 ±6. 35）cm,（21.63 ±2.75）kg,61.81% ±20.75%,61.79% ± 18.92%,0.36 ±0.62,0.38 ±0.56） and the control group （ （ 119.90 ± 5.78 ） cm, （ 22. 80 ± 3.07 ） kg,68.97% ± 18. 59% ,66. 27% ± 18. 35% ,0. 57 ±0. 65,0. 48 ± 0. 63 ）, the difference was significant （ F values were 8.351,7. 864,15.037,13.921,12. 116,11. 725,respectively,P 〈0. 05）. 7 to 10 years-old of severe group,the value of height,the value of weight,the percentage of height,the percentage of weight, the SDS of height, the SDS of weight （ （ 123.50 ± 9.52）cm,（23.82 ± 5.72）kg,45.81% ± 15.51%,42.63% ± 14.91%, -0.06 ± 0.48, -0.02±0.61,respectively） were lower than the moderate group of the same age group （ （ 129. 1 ± 8.41 ）cm, （26. 70 ±5.72）kg,66.84% ± 16.09%,64.07% ± 18.58%,0.48 ±0.46,0.42 ±0.49） and the control group （（131.87 ±7. 71）cm,（28.06 ±6.01）kg,71.44% ± 12.70%,69.64% ± 16.20%,0.60 ±0.43,0.60 ±0. 51 ）, the difference was significant （ F values were 6. 136, 6. 678,57. 316, 37. 893,37. 210, 34. 152,respectively ,P 〈 0. 05 ）. 3-,5-,7 to 10 year-old of moderate group, the value of height, the value of weight,the percentage of height,the percentage of weight,the SDS of height,the SDS of weight dropped compared to the control group of the same age, but no significant difference was found （t values were -2. 008, - 1. 988,-1.810, -1.879, - 1.713, - 1.844, - 1.904, -2.019, - 1.605, - 1.017, - 1.411, -0.713,-1.881, -1.896, -1.746, - 1.906, - 1.523, - 1. 864, respectively,P〉 0.05）. Conclusion The height and weight of children with severe asthma were lower than those of normal children or with moderate asthma.