海洋船舶油污国际赔偿责任的法律渊源

Legal Sources of International Compensation Liability for Marine Vessel-source Oil Pollution

为了预防和清理海洋船舶溢油带来的污染,保护人类的生存环境,国际社会一直呼吁通过国际层面的立法来解决海洋船舶溢油造成的环境问题。在漫长的立法过程中,国际海事组织(IMO)在海洋船舶油污赔偿责任立法方面发挥了极其重要的作用。经过半个多世纪的努力,海洋船舶油污赔偿责任制度在国际层面已经形成了一套相对完善的法律机制,如《国际油污损害民事责任公约》、《国际油污损害赔偿基金公约》等一系列国际法律文件。

In order to prevent and clean up marine pollution caused by vessel-source oil spill,and protect human living environment,the international community has called for international legislation to resolve marine environmental issues.In the long legislative process,the International Maritime Organization（IMO） has played an important role in the marine oil pollution legislation.After half a century＇s efforts,the regime of marine oil pollution liability has formed a relatively sound legal system at the international level including a series of international legal documents,such as International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage and Convention,and International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund.