老年痴呆患病率状况调查及相关因素分析研究

Dementia in people over 60 years old and related risk factors

目的:了解宁波市60岁以上老年人老年痴呆患病情况及其影响因素,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法:整群抽取宁波市白鹤社区和黄鹂社区60岁以上老人2 445人,采用可疑病例筛选与初筛后神经心理测验诊断两个阶段进行疾病筛选。结果:老年痴呆疾病患病率达5.53%,多因素logistic回归分析结果:烟酒嗜好(OR=3.78)、高血压(OR=3.09)、吸烟(OR=2.85)、婚姻异常(OR=2.73)、便秘(OR=2.72)、与儿子同住(OR=1.92)、高龄(80岁组以上OR=1.73)、文化程度(文盲组OR=1.70)、饮酒(OR=1.66)。结论:宁波市老年人老年痴呆患病率接近日本和美国,应建立综合防治机制,采取积极有效的社区干预措施。

Objective To explore the prevalence of dementia in people over 60 years old and related factors so as to provide basis for making intervention measures. Methods 2 445 people over 60 years old living in Baihe community and Huangli community of Ningbo city were chosen by cluster sampling. The suspected case screening was used with neuropsychological test followed. Results The prevalence of dementia was 5. 53%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking ＆ drinking, hypertension, smoking, marriage abnormality, constipation, living with offspring,old age（over 80）,educational background （illiteracy） and drinking were independent risk factors with odd ratio 3.78,3.09,2.85,2.73,2.72,1.92,1.73,1.70 and 1.66 respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of dementia in people over 60 years old in Ningbo is close to that in Japan and the United States. Effective community--based intervention should be strengthened and comprehensive prevention mechanism in community should be established.