大理白族自治州2000-2008年麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of measles in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from 2000 to 2008

目的了解大理州2000-2008年麻疹流行病学特征,为制订消除麻疹控制策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统资料进行分析。结果大理州2000-2008年共报告麻疹941例,年平均发病率为3.09/10万,以2007年发病率最高(6.83/10万),2005年发病最低(0.63/10万);常住人口发病870例,占92.45%。8月龄～7岁、≥20岁、8～14岁,分别占37.83%、26.35%、13.28%;对941例麻疹免疫史分析,有麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)免疫史、无免疫史、免疫史不详的分别占18.16%、49.06%、32.77%。结论常住人口发病较多,发病年龄以8月龄～7岁和≥20岁为主。提高MV2剂次接种率和免疫成功率,定期开展MV的强化免疫和查漏补种,加强麻疹监测和基层人员培训是控制麻疹发生与流行的关键。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Dali Prefecture from 2000 to 2008,and provide evidences for making measles prevention and control strategies.Method Descriptive epidemiology was applied to analyze the data from routine annual report and surveillance system on measles.Results 941 measles cases were reported during 2000 to 2008 in Dali Prefecture,and the average annual incidence rate was 3.09 per 100 000 population.The incidence rate in 2007 was highest than others（6.83/100 000）,and 2005 was the lowest（0.63/100 000）.870 cases occurred in resident population,and accounted for 92.45%,the incidence rate of 8 months to 7 years old group,more than 20-year-old adults group,8 to14 years old group were 37.83%,26.35%,13.28% respectively,analysis of 941 cases with inoculate history against measles,18.16% was immunized,49.06% was not and 32.77% vaccination records was not clear.Conclusions The incidence rate of resident population was larger than others.People aged between 8 months to 7 years and more than 20-year-old were easily affected.Improved the MV2-dose vaccination and success rate,developed supplementary immunization and MV reseed;strengthen measles surveillance and grass-roots personnel training were the keys to control measles incidence and prevalence.