2009～2010年国内钻井液处理剂研究与应用进展

Research and Application Progress of the Drilling Fluid Additives in China Between 2009 and 2010

随着石油勘探开发向深部和海上发展,深井、超深井以及特殊工艺井钻探越来越多,特别是超高温、超高压地层的钻探,对钻井液提出了更高要求。针对钻井液技术发展的需要,促使油田化学工作者不断开发新型钻井液处理剂。近两年,国内在钻井液处理剂方面开展了一系列卓有成效的研究工作,其中一些研究已在现场应用中见到效果,部分产品已达到或超过世界先进水平,从而为钻井液技术的进步奠定了基础。从天然材料改性、合成材料、工业废料或副产物利用,以及不同材料复合或反应产物等方面,就2009～2010年国内钻井液处理剂研制及应用情况进行介绍,并指出处理剂的发展方向。从近期的研究看,仍然以合成聚合物为主,多围绕提高产品的抗温抗盐这一方向,并逐步向超高温发展,且研究最多的是钻井液降滤失剂,其次是降黏剂、堵漏剂和润滑剂等。而在钻井液降滤失剂、降黏剂中,又以2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸等含磺酸基单体与其他单体的共聚物更受重视,而润滑剂、堵漏剂等则多以多种材料复配为主。今后,在处理剂研究上,要强化基础研究和新原料的开发,发展低相对分子质量的聚合物处理剂,进一步加强淀粉、褐煤、栲胶、木质素等天然材料的深度改性,研制绿色、价廉的钻井液处理剂。

Along with the development of petroleum exploration and production to deep reservoir and offshore,deep,ultra-deep wells and wells with special technology have been drilling more and more.The drilling in the formations at ultra high temperature and pressure requirs more demands for drilling fluid.In order to meet the demands of the development of the drilling fluid technique,oilfield chemist is developing more new-type of drilling fluid additives.In recent two years,a series of effective research has been made on the drilling fluid additives in China.Some of them has good results after the field application,and part of the products has reached or exceeded the advanced world level,which lays the foundation of the advance of the drilling fluid technique.From the aspects of modification of natural materials,synthetic materials,industrial waste or by-product utilization,and compound of various material or reaction products,domestic development and application of the drilling fluid additives between 2009 and 2010 are introduced.And the development direction of the agent is pointed out.In recent research,synthetic polymers is still the main object focusing on the capacity on temperature and salt resistance and even ultra high temperature resistance gradually.The most research is on fluid loss additive of drilling fluid,the less is on viscosity reducer,sealing agent and lubricant and so on.In the fluid loss additive and viscosity reducer of the drilling fluid,2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid monomer that contains sulfonic acid groups and copolymerization with other monomers are paid more attention.However,lubricants and sealing agent is the compound of a variety of materials.Future research in the additives is necessary to strengthen basic research and development of new materials.Low-molecular weight polymer treating agent will be developed.The deep modification on starch,lignite,tannin,lignin and other natural materials should be further strengthened.Green and inexpensive drilling fluid additive should be developed.