晚期癌症患者静脉管理的重要性

Cancer Patients with Venous Middle-late the Importance of the Management

恶性肿瘤作为我国的常见病、多发病,其死亡率高居首位。手术、化疗和放疗成为现代医疗对于癌症的常见治疗手段。中晚期癌症患者作为癌症临床诊疗对象的主体,常伴有各种慢性疾病或营养不良。从而,化疗、中药辅助巩固治疗及营养支持治疗成为中晚期癌症患者临床治疗过程中的主体。治疗方法决定给药途径,静脉输液成为了中晚期癌症患者治疗肿瘤的主要手段之一。然而中晚期肿瘤患者静脉穿刺难度大,易发生输液渗漏和静脉炎等特点,以及各种高浓度强刺激性药物和输液器材对静脉血管造成的损伤,都对中晚期癌症患者的疾病治疗产生了不同程度的不利影响。对于中晚期癌症患者来说,静脉保护的程度直接关系到患者疾病治疗的进程及享受到的生命质量。因此,医护人员应对静脉输液致血管损害的相关因素予以高度重视及时采取血管维护的对策,同时加强对输液患者进行静脉维护知识的宣教,促使其树立静脉护理的意识和能力。

Cancer has been a common disease in China, and its mortality rate is in the first place. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main means of treatment of cancer. As the main object in the clinical diagnosis and treatment, the medium and advanced cancer patients are often accompanied by some chronic diseases or malnutrition. Thus, chemothera py, Chinese medicine and nutritional support become the principal part in the treatment of the medium and advanced cancer patients. Treatment decides the route of administration, so intravenous infusion has become one of the main means of treatment of cancer for the medium and advanced cancer patients. However, there are so many factors that cause adverse effects in treatment of cancer, such as the difficulty for venipuncture, prone to leakage and infusion phlebitis features, and damages caused to the vein by a variety of high concentration and strong irritant drugs and infusion equipment. For patients with medium or advanced cancer, the protection of vein is directly related to the treatment process and if patients can enjoy the quality of life. Therefore, factors related to vascular damage caused by intravenous infusion should be given high priority to and take measures to protect vascular, while strengthening the mission of knowledge about how to deal with maintenance of intravenous infusion in patients to promote their awareness and build capacity of vein care.