北京市2007—2010年手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Beijing from 2007 to 2010

目的通过对2007—2010年北京市手足口病流行病学和病原学特征进行分析，为手足VI病防控工作提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法，对北京市2007—2010年手足口病监测数据进行分析，率的比较采用X^2检验。结果北京市2007—2010年报告病例数分别为11012例、18445例、24483例和45409例，报告死亡例数分别为0例、2例、4例和18例，报告发病率分别为69．65／10万、112．90／10万、144．44／10万、258．74／10万。流动人口聚集区报告发病例数较多；四季均有病例报告，但以夏秋季为主，5—7月份为发病高峰；发病年龄以5岁及以下儿童为主；男性儿童发病高于女性儿童；散居儿童死亡例数高于幼托儿童。EV71和CoxA16为手足口病的主要致病病原体，EV71病毒均为C4基因型。结论北京市报告手足口病病例数呈逐年增加趋势。每年夏秋季节。应加强对5岁以下儿童手足口病的防控工作，流动人口聚居区散居儿童是防控的重中之重。

Objectives To examine the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Beijing from 2007 to 2010, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The monitoring data of HFMD, from 2007 to 2010 in Beijing, was analyzed by descriptive epide- miology. Results There were 99325 reported HFMD cases in Beijing from 2007 to 2010, including 24 cases of death. The yearly number of cases were 11 012, 18 445, 24 483 and 45 385 with 0, 2, 4, 18 case of death respectively, and the incidence was 69. 65/105, 112. 90/105, 144. 44/105 and 258. 60/105 from 2007 to 2010. Most cases were reported in floating population community. HFMD was reported in all seasons, but most common in spring and summer. Most cases were under 5 years old, and more male cases were found. More deaths were seen in scattered children other than preschool children. Enterovirus 71 （EV71） and Coxsackie virus A16 （CoxA16） were most common pathogens, and all detected EV71 viruses were C4 genotype. Conclusion The reported cases of HFMD were increased year by year in Beijing. The prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened for the children under 5 years old in summer and autumn, especially those children in floating population community.