论近代上海公园开放

Opening of Shanghai's Parks in Modern Times

近代上海租界建有多座公园,除了华人公园,其余在1928年6月之前均不对华人开放。几十年间,华人先后以纳税人身份和租界居民身份据理力争,多次向租界当局要求与外侨平等的入园权利。租界当局拒不承认华人入园权利,公开宣称的理由是园小人多,深层原因则是维护外侨的特权和歧视华人,实质是殖民主义心态。20世纪20年代,英国对华政策的调整、中国民族主义的持续高涨以及国际舆论的压力,迫使租界当局在公园开放问题上做出让步。近代上海公园对华人由禁入到开放的过程,与英帝国由鼎盛而衰落的过程同步,与近代中国民族主义兴起过程同步。透过这一事件,可以清晰地勾勒出近代中国民族主义如何在西方殖民主义的刺激下产生并与西方殖民主义相抗争。

Before June,1928,the parks in the concession areas of Shanghai were not open to Chinese except those Chinese people's parks.In the 1920s,the concession authorities were forced to give in and agreed to open the parks to all due to the changed international environment.From forbidding to allowing Chinese people to go to parks in concession areas in Shanghai,we can see the decline of the British Empire from its peak and the rise of Chinese Nationalism.This paper discusses how the Chinese Nationalism came into being under the stimulation of western colonialism and how it fight with western colonialism.