不同灌水方式对辣椒生长、生理的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on the Growth and Physiology of Hot Pepper

[目的]为辣椒节水灌溉提供科学依据。[方法]通过盆栽试验分析了正常灌溉、根系分区固定灌溉与根系分区交替灌溉对辣椒生长及生理指标的影响。[结果]当灌水下限为75%θF时,分区固定灌溉的辣椒株高显著低于正常灌溉与分区交替灌溉;与正常灌溉相比,分区固定灌溉的辣椒叶宽降低明显;正常灌溉的辣椒叶绿素含量最高,分区交替灌溉次之,分区固定灌溉最低;正常灌溉的辣椒脯氨酸含量最低,分区交替灌溉居中,分区固定灌溉最高。同种灌水方法下不同灌水下限的辣椒叶绿素含量表现为75%θF>65%θF>55%θF。当灌水下限为55%θF与65%θF时,分区交替灌溉辣椒脯氨酸含量显著高于分区固定灌溉。同种灌溉方法下辣椒叶宽随灌水下限降低显著下降。在同等灌水下限条件下,分区交替灌溉的辣椒叶宽显著大于分区固定灌溉。[结论]控制性根系分区交替灌溉是最节水高效的灌溉方式。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide scientific basis for water saving irrigation of hot pepper.[Method] The effects of normal irrigation,root-zone located irrigation and root-zone alternative irrigation on the growth and physiological indexes were analyzed through potting test.[Result] When the lower irrigation limit was 75%θF,the plant height of root-zone located irrigation was significantly lower than that of normal irrigation and root-zone alternative irrigation;compared with normal irrigation,the leaf width of root-zone located irrigation was decreased obviously;the chlorophyll content of normal irrigation was highest,that of root-zone alternative irrigation was secondary and that of root-zone located irrigation was lowest;the proline content of normal irrigation was lowest,that of root-zone alternative irrigation was middle and that of root-zone located irrigation was highest.When the irrigation methods were same,the chlorophyll contents of different lower irrigation limits were shown as： 75%θF65%θF55%θF.When the lower irrigation limits were 55%θF and 65%θF,the proline content of root-zone alternative irrigation was significantly higher than that of root-zone located irrigation.When the irrigation methods were same,the leaf width was decreased significantly along with the decreasing of lower irrigation limit.Under the same lower irrigation limit,the leaf width of root-zone alternative irrigation was significantly bigger than that of root-zone located irrigation.[Conclusion] Controlling root-zone alternative irrigation was most watersaving and efficient irrigation method.