泸州市土壤氮钾供应水平与烟草氮钾吸收利用规律研究

N,K Supplying Level of Soil in Luzhou and Their Absorption and Utilization Regulation by Tobacco

[目的]摸清川南地区烟草土壤氮钾供肥水平、烟叶的氮钾吸收利用规律。[方法]研究了泸州市植烟土壤氮钾含量和变化水平,烟株不同时期生物量增长和增长率,烟叶氮钾吸收量和钾氮比。[结果]植烟土壤氮素供应和烤烟对氮素的吸收不好,钾素供应和吸收较好,钾含量和钾氮比高;烤烟移栽后15 d左右土壤氮钾含量过高,流失严重,中后期不足,生物量较低,烤烟旺长期后移,烤烟生物量增长与氮钾供应不协调。[结论]应减少前期氮钾供应量,加大和调整移栽后45～75 d氮钾供应,保持移栽后75 d后一定量钾素的供应,提高烤烟生物量和烟叶含钾量。

[Objective] The research aimed to study N,K supplying level of tobacco soil and their absorption and utilization regulation by tobacco in south of Sichuan Province.[Method] N,K content and change levels of Luzhou tobacco soil,biomass growth rate at different growth stages of tobacco,N,K absorbing quantity and N,K ration were studied.[Result] The supplying and absorption of N in tobacco soil were low,but the K content and K,N ratio were high.About 15 days after transplant,N,K content were very high in soil,but run off in mid and last stage.So roaring period of tobacco postponed,and N,K supplying and absorption content were uncoordinated.[Conclusion] N,K supplying content should be decreased in early period,but N,K supplying content in 45-75 days after transplant should be increased and theirs supplying content after 75 days should be adjusted.