城市热岛效应对宜宾站气温的影响

Effects of Urban Heat Island Effect on Temperature in Yinbin

利用宜宾站及其周围5个气象站1961～2009年的逐年气温观测资料,研究了城市热岛效应对宜宾站气温的影响。结果表明,宜宾城市热岛效应一直呈增强趋势;热岛效应对最低气温的影响较大,对最高气温的影响较小,且具有明显的日变化特征;热岛增温夜间比白天明显,季节变化表现为夏季增温趋势最大、春季次之、冬季最弱;与20世纪60年代比较,在其后的近40年间,气温各要素02:00、08:00、14:00、20:00气温、日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温分别平均增温0.483 2、0.168 0、0.001 4、0.209 8、0.215 4、-0.013 4、0.333 2℃;不同区域背景对城市气候有一定影响,在城市化进程的不同阶段,各气象站受城市热岛效应的影响也不同。

Based on the observation data of temperature from Yibin station and other five surrounding meteorological stations in 1961-2009,temperature variation in Yinbin station affected by urban heat island effect was studied.The results showed that urban heat island effect in Yibin became more and more strong,and it had great influence on minimum temperature and little influence on maximum temperature,with obvious daily variation.In addition,heat island effect was more obvious at night than daytime,while temperature went up most greatly in summer,and next came spring,but it was weakest in winter.Compared with 1960s,temperature at 02：00,08：00,14：00 and 20：00,daily average temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature increased by 0.483 2,0.168 0,0.001 4,0.209 8,0.215 4,-0.013 4 and 0.333 2 ℃ in 40 years after 1960s,respectively.Moreover,regional background had certain effect on urban climate,and the effects of urban heat island effect on various meteorological stations were distinct in different stages of urbanization process.