摘要
1947年,英国成立海外粮食公司,主要是为解决战后初年面临的经济困难,如食品短缺和美元荒。公司的主要任务是实施东非花生种植计划,该计划虽然一改再改,到50年代中期仍以失败告终。失败的重要原因是脱离了客观实际,特别是过分低估了清除灌木丛的难度。海外粮食公司的活动期正是世界范围内民族解放运动如火如荼的时期,英国的殖民统治受到严峻挑战,英属东非正在走向独立。这不能不说是英国海外粮食公司失败的重大时代背景。
In 1947,Britain established the Overseas Food Corporation,mainly aiming to solve the postwar economic difficulties,such as the shortage of food and the lack of dollar.The chief task of the Corporation was to carry out the East African Groundnut Scheme,but the scheme,though modified frequently,came to end as a failure by the mid 1950s.The major reason for the failure was that it deviated from the local conditions and realities.Especially,the difficulty of clearing the bushes had been excessively underestimated.Meanwhile,the time of the existence of the Corporation was within the period which saw the upsurge of national liberation movement across the world,with British East Africa moving rapidly to independence.This was,of course,the wide background for the failure of the Corporation.
出处
《史学集刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第2期83-90,共8页
Collected Papers of History Studies
关键词
英帝国
海外粮食公司
花生种植计划
British Empire
Overseas Food Corporation
Groundnut Scheme
