英格兰与苏格兰合并的历史渊源

The History of Merger of England and Scotland

13世纪末,苏格兰与英格兰的对手法国结成联盟,此联盟严重影响了英格兰的对法战争。在对法关系中剔除苏格兰因素,成为中世纪后期及近代早期英格兰努力征服、控制苏格兰的主要原因。1603年英格兰与苏格兰实现王位联合,通过王位联合英格兰达到了控制苏格兰的目的,但这只是暂时地解决了苏格兰问题。17世纪末18世纪初,英格兰与法国不可避免地成为近代争霸的两个主角,而此时的苏格兰议会已取代共主国王成为苏格兰的权力中心,英格兰无法再通过王位联合达到控制苏格兰的目的。为防止苏格兰与法国再度结盟,英格兰最终选择与苏格兰合并为大不列颠联合王国。

At the end of the thirteenth century,Scotland and France who was a main enemy of England,formed the Auld Alliance,which seriously influenced England in Anglo-French War.To break up the alliance between France and Scotland,replacing pure territorial expansion,became gradually the main reason that England tried to conquer Scotland in the late medieval and early modern times.England and Scotland achieved the Union of the Crowns in 1603 by which England could control Scotland.But the Union of the Crowns didn＇t resolve the Scotland Problem permanently.At the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth century,England and France became the major powers that tried to conquer the world.At this time England couldn＇t control Scotland any more because Scottish Parliament replaced the mutual king to be the power center of Scotland.In order to prevent France and Scotland from allying again and to win the war with France,England finally chosen to merge with Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain.