关于日语中的“缓冲语”

Study on Japanese"Cushion Words"

本文对日语"缓冲语"的使用进行了考察。通过对搜集的材料进行分析,明确了:(1)日语中使用"缓冲语"的常见场面;(2)不同场面下的习惯表达;(3)使用频率最高的"缓冲语";(4)中日使用"缓冲语"的差异倾向。此外,使用Brown & Levinson(1987)的「ポラィトネス」理论以及Hall(1976)的"高低背景文化"理论对日语"缓冲语"的社会文化根源进行了分析,并作为结论指出:日本是"注重礼节"、"高背景文化"的国家,因此,建议我们的学习者注意掌握日语自然、得体的含蓄表达方式和培养从语境中体会说话者真实意思的能力。

This paper is aimed at investigating the use of＂cushion words＂in Japanese language.The following four aspects are addressed through analysing the collected data：（1）The situations when＂cushion words＂are used in Japanese language（2）The fixed form of expressions in different situations（3）The＂cushion words＂that are used most frequently（4）The differences in the use of＂cushion words＂between China and Japan.In addition,this paper analyzes the social and cultural factors of Japanese＂cushion words＂by using the＂Politeness＂theory of Brown Levinson（1987） and the＂High / Low Context Culture＂theory of Hall（1976）. As a result,Japan is classified as a country of＂high context culture＂,＂attaching great importance to etiquette＂.This paper concludes by suggesting to Chinese learners of Japanese language that it is necessary to use Japanese expressions in a more natural and appropriate way it is also necessary to acquire the ability to read the speaker＇ s implicit meaning from the context of the conversation.