论“道德”——道德概念与定义思路

On "Morality"——Moral Concept and Definition Ideas

"道德"概念的定义一直是伦理学研究中争论的问题,也是一个含混不清的问题。然而,"道德"概念是伦理学研究的基础,其定义清晰与否直接影响到伦理学研究的客观性与科学性。如何对"道德"概念进行定义,需要考虑到三个方面因素:一是中西伦理思想史上对"道德"的理解;二是日常生活中对"道德"的使用;三是伦理学研究中对"道德"的运用。结合这三个方面的内容,我们可以对"道德"做如下定义:所谓道德,是人们头脑中关于人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间关系的思想观念,是调节人们行为的特殊行为规范的总和,是人们思想品质中的一项特殊内容。

The definition concept of ＂morality＂ has been a controversial issue, also been a mixed problem in Ethics study. However, the moral concept is the basis of Ethics study. Whether its definition is clear or not directly affects the objectivity and scientificity of ethical research. We should consider three factors in defining ＂morality＂ ： firstly, the understanding of ＂morality＂ in Chinese and western ethical history ; secondly, the use of ＂morality＂ in daily life; thirdly, the use of ＂ morality＂ in Ethics study. So we can make the following definition：the ＂morality＂ is the idea in people＇ s mind on the relationshop between people, between people and society, between people and nature, is the sum of special behavior criterion of regulating human behavior, and is a special content in people thought quality.