近代澳门华政衙门的组织结构与职能演变

Organizational and Functional Evolutions of Modern Procuratura dos Negocios Sinicos in Macao

自从亚马留对澳门实施殖民管治以后,为了实现对居澳华人实质性的管理,澳葡政府成立了华政衙门。起初,华政衙门负责对居澳华人的行政与司法管理;至九十年代,受司法统一观念的影响,华政衙门不再行使对华人的司法审判权,有关华人的诉讼统一交由按察司署办理,华政衙门的事务更多地关注居澳华人的经济与民生。可以说,在澳门的殖民化过程中,华政衙门起了沟通政府与居澳华人的桥梁作用,为近代澳门社会的稳定与发展作出了较大的贡献。

Ever since João Ferreira do Amaral's colonial rule in Macao,the Procuratura dos Negocios Sinicos was established by the Macao government to conduct substantive administration of Chinese in Macao.At the initial stage the Procuratura dos Negocios Sinicos was in charge of both the administrative and judicial managements of Chinese in Macao.From 1890s,influenced by the concept of judicial unification,it didn't exercise judicial authority any longer.While the juizo de direito took the jurisdiction over all lawsuits concerning Chinese,the Procuratura dos Negocios Sinicos concerned itself more about the economic affairs and livelihood of Chinese in Macao.It can be said that the Procuratura dos Negocios Sinicos,serving as the communication bridge between the government and the Chinese in Macao,made great contribution to modern Macao's social stability and development in Macao's process of colonization.