心脏原发性肿瘤的超声鉴别诊断

Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Primary Cardiac Tumors

目的：探讨心脏粘液瘤、脂肪瘤和横纹肌瘤的超声鉴别诊断。材料和方法：利用超声心动图检查３６ 例心脏肿瘤，其中粘液瘤３０ 例，脂肪瘤４ 例，横纹肌瘤２ 例。均经手术病理证实。通过左室长轴、短轴、四腔和五腔心等切面观察肿瘤的部位、形态、包膜、活动度、界线和回声特征。结果：粘液溜多发生在左房，有明确的瘤蒂，肿瘤活动度较大，有分叶。脂肪瘤与粘液瘤不同处是多发生在左室，活动度较小，有漂浮感，肿瘤回声较强，没有分叶。横纹肌瘤发生在室壁心肌内，肿瘤与正常心肌间有明确的界线。结论：超声心动图对心脏原发性肿瘤的鉴别诊断具有重要意义。

Purpose:We try to establish the standards of echocardiographic differential diagnosis of myxoma、lipoma and rhabdomyoma.Materials and Methods:Thirty-six patients with cardiac tumor were examined with echocardiography. The diagnosis of all cases are proved by operation and pathology. There are thirty myxoma、four lipoma and two rhabdomyoma. Methods: The position、 shape、 capsul、 moving degree、 boundary and echo chracteristics of the tumors were observd on the sections of left ventricular long-axis、 short-axis、 four-chamber、 five-chamber views. Results:Myxoma frequently occurs in left atrium, with clear tumor pedicle and wide movement, but out of shape during diastolic and systolic movement of the heart. It usually has lobular shape. Lipoma was different from myxoma in that it frequently occurs in the lift ventricule, with a little movement and sense of floating. It has strong echoes and no lobatum. Rhabdomyoma occurs in the ventricular wall with clear boundary between the tumor and normal myocardium. Conclusion:Echocardiography is of best clinicl significance in differential diagnosis of the primary cardiac tumor.