深圳马峦山地区百合科和兰科植物资源及其在生态环境构建中的意义

The Plant Resources of Liliaceae and Orchidaceae from Mt. Maluanshan in Shenzhen,China and their Protections

百合科、兰科植物是重要的资源植物,在系统演化、物种多样性研究等方面均有重要意义。本文对马峦山地区百合科、兰科植物的种类、数量、生存状况、区域分布等进行调查,共收集百合科植物9属14种,分别占深圳市该科属种总数的64.3%和70.0%;兰科植物22属28种,分别占深圳市该科属种总数的68.8%和54.9%。在此基础上,对深圳中轴线地区自西至东依次出现的凤凰山森林公园(百合科3属3种;兰科4属4种)、铁岗森林公园(百合科3属3种;兰科4属4种)、塘朗山森林公园(百合科5属5种;兰科8属9种)、梧桐山风景区(百合科8属12种;兰科17属30种)、排牙山自然保护区(百合科7属8种;兰科26属35种)、七娘山地质公园(百合科9属10种;兰科21属30种)等的百合科、兰科植物进行比较研究,结合生态环境的梯度变化,说明其在生态环境、森林植被构建中的指示意义,并提出了对百合科、兰科植物加强保护、管理和研究的措施。

Liliaceous and Orchidaceous plants are important plant resources and have positive significance for studying the system evolution and species diversity.In this paper,plant resources of Liliaceae and Orchidaceae from Mt.Maluanshan in Shenzhen,China have been investigated and studied,the resutes showed that Liliaceous plants has 14 species of 9 genera,which account for 64.3% and 70.0% of Liliaceous total number in Shenzhen;and Orchidaceous plants has 28 species of 22 genera,which account for 68.8% and 54.9% of Orchidaceous total number in Shenzhen.Based on the study of Liliaceae,Orchidaceae plants of Fenghuangshan Forest Park（3 genera and 3 species of Liliaceae;4 genara and 4 species of Orchidaceae）,Tiegang Forest Park（3 genera and 3 species of Liliaceae;4 genara and 4 species of Orchidaceae）,Tanglangshan Country Park（5 genera and 5 species of Liliaceae;8 genara and 9 species of Orchidaceae）,Wutongshan Scenic Area（8 genera and 12 species of Liliaceae;17 genera and 30 species of Orchidaceae）,Paiyashan Nature Reserve（7 genera and 8 species of Liliaceae;26 genara and 35 species of Orchidaceae）,Qiniangshan Country Park（9 genera and 10 species of Liliaceae;21 genara and 30 species of Orchidaceae）,whitch are on the central axis of the Shenzhen region from west to east,combined with the ecological environment feature,indicating the indicative significance in ecological environment and forest vegetation.Hereby authors put forward some ways for strengthening protection,management and research.