城市农民工社会融合的影响因素分析——基于重庆市1032名农民工的调查

Analysis of the Influencing Factor for Social Integration of Rural Migrant Workers

对重庆市主城区1 032名农民工进行问卷调查与访谈,其结果表明:农民工城市社会融合面临诸多因素的影响,表现为社会融合层面受二元户籍制度及其相关配套制度等制度性因素和政府、市民、农民工所在企业、第三方组织等非制度性因素的影响,经济融合层面受农民工就业状况、收入与福利状况、家庭负担与维系成本等因素的影响,文化及心理融合层面受农民工文化特质及其对城市生活的心理适应与认同等因素的影响。为了促进城市农民工社会融合,必须改革户籍制度及相关配套制度,消除农民工社会融入的制度障碍;完善法律法规,保障农民工社会融入的合法权益;加强农民工与市民的沟通,促进其和谐相处;重视农民工职业教育与培训,提高其融入城市的基本劳动技能;加强社区管理,以社区融合推动社会融合;增强第三方组织介入积极性,拓展农民工就业空间。

In this paper,the result from the investigation and interviews of 1032 migrant workers in main city of Chongqing reflects that there are many influencing factors for the urban social integration of migrant workers.in the level of social integration,it is influenced by the supporting dual system of household registration system and related institutional factors,and non-institutional factors like government,the public,the business of migrant workers,and the third-party organizations.In the level of economic integration,it is influenced by the employment status,income and welfare status,family responsibilities and maintaining cost and so on.In the level of cultural and psychological integration,it is influenced by cultural characteristics of migrant workers and their psychological adjustment of urban life and identity and other factors.To vigorously promote the pace of integration of migrant workers to the urban society is an important move of ＂livelihood projects＂.