挡土墙主动和被动土压力的统一解

Unified Solution of Active and Passive Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall

针对墙背倾斜、地表倾斜、墙后填土为粘性土、地表作用超载的挡土墙土压力计算问题,基于平面滑裂面假定和极限平衡原理,结合微分层解析法和图解法,推导了挡土墙主动土压力和被动土压力的统一解,可计算土压力沿墙身的分布、土压力合力及其作用点位置以及滑裂面土反力,经典库仑和朗肯土压力为其特例.提出了分层土土压力实用计算模型,可以考虑墙背倾斜和粘性土的作用,该模型可简化为现行以朗肯土压力理论为基础的分层土土压力计算方法.通过与相关文献算法的比较验证了本文方法的合理性.

Based on the plane failure surface hypothesis and the limit equilibrium theory,a unified solution for the distribution,total force,location of the resultant active and passive earth pressures on retaining walls and the reacting force on failure surfaces was derived using differential slice method and graphic method.The solution was applied to the case with a battered wall,inclined ground surface,cohesive backfill and distributed surcharge on the ground surface.The Coulomb＇s and Rankine＇s theories of earth pressures could be considered as the special cases of the unified solution.The practical calculation model of earth pressures for stratified soils was established under the condition of battered walls and cohesive backfills.This model could be reduced to the current solution of earth pressures for stratified soils according to the Coulomb＇s theory of earth pressures.By contrast with earlier methods in the literature,the validity of the present solution was verified.