北京某福利院儿童心理健康状况及其与人格特点的关系

Relationship between Mental Health Status and Personality Traits of Children in a Beijing Orphanage

目的了解北京市某福利院儿童心理健康状况及其与人格的关系。方法采用儿童青少年心理健康量表、儿童青少年心理问题筛查表、艾森克人格问卷(青少年版)对该福利院儿童96人(占59.6%)调查。结果与常模相比,被试"认知"和"思维语言"方面发展相对正常,"情绪"(8.89±2.74vs9.68±1.64;t=-2.631)、"意志行为"(16.37±3.31vs20.02±2.74;t=-10.313)和"个性特征"(17.26±3.92vs19.65±2.72;t=-5.590)方面发展较差(P均<0.01)。各类心理问题表现较为突出,所有分测验均值显著高于常模(P均<0.01)。女童认知(16.14±4.03vs14.32±3.83;t=2.144)和情绪(9.55±2.73vs8.24±2.62;t=2.241)发展显著好于男童,但在社交问题(2.61±1.77vs1.73±1.80;t=2.333)和性问题(1.50±1.64vs0.70±0.96;t=2.858)方面较男童更为突出(P均<0.05)。7～9岁儿童有较多心理问题。整个群体的学习问题均比较突出。被试群体性格显著内倾,男(14.70±4.16vs18.32±3.75;t=-5.761);女(13.40±4.50vs18.15±3.56;t=-6.929,P<0.01),情绪性和精神质分数高的个体更倾向于出现各种心理问题。结论福利院儿童心理健康水平相对较差,需要关注。

Objective To explore the relationship between mental mealth status and personality traits of children in a Beijing orphanage.Methods A total of 96 children in the orphanage（59.6%） were tested by Mental Health Scale for Child and Adolescents,Mental Health Screening Inventory for Child and Adolescents,Eysenck Personality Questionnaires.Results The scores of ＂cognition＂ and ＂thinking/language＂ were not significantly different compared with the norm,but the scores of ＂emotion＂（8.89±2.74 vs 9.68±1.64;t=-2.631）,＂will/behavior＂（16.37±3.31 vs 20.02±2.74;t=-10.313） and ＂personality trait＂（17.26±3.92 vs 19.65±2.72;t=-5.590） were significantly lower than the norm（P0.01）.All mental problems scores were higher than the norm（P0.01）.Girls were better on ＂cognition＂（16.14±4.03 vs 14.32±3.83;t=2.144） and ＂emotion＂（9.55±2.73 vs 8.24±2.62;t=2.241）,but worse on ＂social problem＂（2.61±1.77 vs 1.73±1.80;t=2.333） and ＂sexual problem＂（1.50±1.64 vs 0.70±0.96;t=2.858） than the boys（P0.05）.7～9 years old Children suffered from more mental problems than other age children.Learning problem was significant in whole group.Compared with the norm,introversion was more significant in these children male（14.70±4.16 vs 18.32±3.75;t=-5.761）;female（13.40±4.50 vs 18.15 ±3.56;t=-6.929,P0.01）.Children with higher neuroticism and psychoticism scores were more likely to suffer from mental problems.Conclusion The mental health status of the children in this orphanage was worse than the normal group.More attention should be paid to this group.