小型压力容器微量泄漏检测技术与装置的研究

Study on trace leakage detection technology and equipment for small pressure vessels

日常生产、生活中的小型压力容器因设计缺陷、外力持续作用等因素会出现容器内物质泄漏,从而对环境、生命安全构成威胁,特别是微量泄漏因其表象不显著易被忽略,封闭空间内的长期微量泄漏同样会因有毒、可燃气体体积分数增加而引发安全事故。以最常见的丙、丁烷混合气打火机为研究对象,设计了打火机微量泄漏检测仪,在可燃气传感器输出阻抗与泄漏体积分数函数关系的基础上,研究燃气微量泄漏模型和双重检测算法,通过特征匹配方式实现批量打火机中泄漏单体的快速定位和泄漏量的精确测量。实验结果表明:打火机燃气微量泄漏的检测效率高,漏检率小于0.01%,该技术同样适用于其他各类小型压力容器的微量泄漏检测。

Due to design flaws and continuing role of external forces,trace leakage from imperfectly small pressure vessels will occur intentionally or accidentally,which is a big threat to both our life and environment.It is not easily detected for its insignificant appearance,thus tending to be potential safety concerns caused by the increasing of toxic or flammable gas.To solve this problem,a lighter trace leakage detection method and detection instrument based on gas lighter are developed.The model of gas trace leakage and double detection algorithm which is supported by the typical relationship between the output impedance of detection senor and the leakage volume fraction is set up,aiming at realize quick target positioning among batched samples and high-precision detection in feature matching.Experimental results show that this detection method of lighter gas trace leakage is efficient and the missing detection rate is less than 0.01 %.This technology can be also applied to trace leakage detection for other small pressure vessels.