飞机电排斥除冰器件设计与仿真

Design and Simulation of Aircraft Electric-expulsive De-icing System

结冰是飞机飞行中的重大安全隐患。电排斥除冰器利用电磁排斥力除去冻结在飞机表面的积冰,具有低功耗、高效率、对飞机气动性能影响小、安装简易等优点。本文采用ANSYS仿真软件,利用磁矢量位有限元仿真方法,构建了飞机电排斥除冰器单组排斥元件有限元模型,通过对模型进行电磁—结构瞬态耦合,分析了单组元件尺寸及通入电流峰值对元件运动层所受电磁排斥力强度的影响,得到了单组元件不同尺寸和电流峰值的电磁力强度曲线,进而提出了电排斥除冰系统的设计思路。本文模拟结果与实验吻合度高,较该种除冰器设计时常用的经验公式的计算结果更精确,为电排斥除冰器件的设计提供了精确的理论指导。

Icing is one of the major sources of flight accidents,which therefore needs to be removed from the aircrafts.Among various de-icing systems,electric-expulsive approach removes ice by the electro magnetic repulsion force,which is featured by its low power consumption,high efficiency,less influence to flight stability,as well as flexible installation.With ANSYS simulator and based on magnetic-vector finite element method（FEM）,the FEM models for the single component is built in this paper.The effect of the repulsion force on component sizes,structures and currents are analyzed via EM-structure transient coupling approach.By this method,the repulsion force strength curves corresponding to different component sizes and current amplitudes are obtained.A new design scheme for the electric-expulsive de-icing systems is then presented.The simulated results agree with the measured results very well,and a higher accuracy over existing empirical formulas is observed.The results presented here provide a reliable theoretical guidance for the design of practical electric-expulsive de-icing systems.