山东省社区人群乙型肝炎病毒易感状态分析

Analysis on the Hepatitis B Virus Susceptibility among Community-based Population of Shandong Province

目的了解现阶段山东省社区人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)易感状态,为制定预防控制策略提供参考。方法 2006年9月,采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取山东省12个县(市、区)1～59岁7601人作为调查对象,对所有调查对象进行问卷调查并采集血标本;用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBsAg,Anti-HBs)和抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Antibody to HBV Core Antigen,Anti-HBc);HBV易感状态指经检测血清HBsAg、Anti-HBs和Anti-HBc均为阴性,采用权重调整法估算不同人群HBV易感率。结果山东省1～59岁社区人群HBV易感率为48.25%(95%可信区间为45.05%～51.46%)。15～59岁人群易感率(52.07%)高于1～4岁(26.79%)和5～14岁(31.51%)人群;农村地区人群易感率(49.65%)高于城市地区(40.53%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。未发现不同性别、地理区域人群HBV易感率差异有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论山东省社区人群中不同年龄组人群HBV易感的实际意义不尽相同,青少年和成人中仍存在大量HBV易感人群,应加强该人群以接种乙肝疫苗为主的预防控制。

Objective To explore hepatitis B virus（HBV）susceptibility status among the community-based population of Shandong province,and to provide scientific data for more effective prevention strategy.Methods 7601 targeted population aged 1～59 years were selected randomly by multistage from 12 counties of Shandong province in September of 2006.The interviews were carried out using a standard questionnaire.The blood samples were collected and detected for HBsAg,Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.HBV susceptibility is means to the negative of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc.The weighted prevalence of HBV susceptibility was analyzed.Results HBV susceptibility rate among population aged 1-59 years was 48.25%（95%CI 45.05%-51.46%）.The susceptibility rate was significantly higher among the targeted population who aged 15-59 years（52.07%）than those aged 1-4 years（26.79%）and 5-14 years（31.51%）（P0.05）.The rate was also significant higher in the rural areas（49.65%）than the urban area（40.53%）（P0.05）.No diffefences were found between the males and females,and among the population living in the eastern,western and central areas（P0.05）.Conclusions The actual signifance of HBV susceptibility is different in three age group among community-based population.There were still many adolescents and adults susceptible to HBV in Shandong province.The vaccination strategy for hepatitis B control should be further strengthened.