云南省乙型肝炎病毒感染血清流行病学调查分析

Serological Epidemiology Analysis of the Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省1～59岁人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染状况和乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)预防接种效果。方法 2006年9月,在云南省采用多阶段分层抽样方法,分别调查6个县(区)1～4岁、5～14岁、15～59岁492人、764人、1287人的HBV感染和HepB接种状况。结果云南省1～59岁人群HBV感染率为17.15%,乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)阳性率为3.11%,抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBsAg,Anti-HBs)阳性率为35.71%,5项指标[HBsAg、Anti-HBs、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Antibody to HBV CoreAntigen,Anti-HBc)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBVe Antigen,HBeAg)、抗乙肝病毒e抗原抗体(Antibody to HBeAg,Anti-HBe,下同)]全阴性率为46.72%;HepB接种率为41.01%;农村HBV感染率高于城市;HBV感染率、HBsAg阳性率、5项指标全阴性率均为15～59岁高于5～14岁人群,5～14岁高于1～4岁人群;HepB接种率高的地方Anti-HBs阳性率也高,且HBV感染率和HBsAg阳性率呈下降趋势。结论云南省1～59岁人群HBV感染率呈下降趋势,尤其是≤14岁儿童,应加强农村与边远贫困及少数民族地区乙肝预防控制工作。

Objective To know the current status of Hepatitis B virus（HBV）infection and the effect of Hepatitis B vaccine（HepB）in Yunnan province.Methods 492 children aged 1-4 year-old,764 children aged 5-14 year-old and 1287 aged 15-59 year-old from 6 counties of Yunnan were selected randomly by multistage stratified.The questionnaire survey and serum analysis were conducted in September,2006.Result The result showed that the infection rate of HBV was 17.15%,the HBV surface antigen（HBsAg）positive rate was 3.11% and the antibody to HBsAg（Anti-HBs）rate was 35.71%,the five-index of Hepatitis B including HBsAg,Anti-HBs,antibody to HBV core antigen（Anti-HBc）,HBV e antigen（HBeAg）and antibody to HBeAg（Anti-HBe）negative rate was 46.72% ;the vaccination rate of HepB was 41.01% ;the infection rate of HBV in city was higher than the rate in village;the rate including infection rate of HBV、HBsAg positive rate and the five-index of Hepatitis B for 15-49 year-old group were higher than the rate in the group of 5-14 year-old which was higher than the rate in 1-4 year-old group;the higher vaccination rate of HepB with higher Anti-HBs,and the less infection of HBV.Conclusion The infection rate of HBV in 1-59 year-old group in Yunnan has been decreased over the past 5 years especially in the 1-14 year-old group.It is an important to strengthen the Heptitis B control in the poverty areas and the national minority areas.