取消农业税后农村的阶层及其分析

The Analysis of Rural Social Classes after the Abolition of Agricultural Taxes

实行家庭联产承包责任制以来,农村社会发生了众所周知的分化,其中之一是阶层的分化。国内外学者曾经对此作出深刻的研究,但是,随着农业税的取消、土地流转等因素的加入,农村阶层分化出现了新的状况。依据农户与土地的关系,可以将农村作如下阶层划分:脱离土地的农民阶层、半工半农阶层、在乡兼业农民阶层、普通农业经营者阶层、农村贫弱阶层。不同阶层的农民对土地收入依赖程度、对土地流转的态度、对待乡村秩序的态度也不尽相同。只有深入对分化的农民进行研究,理解不同阶层农民的政治、社会、文化态度,理解中央政策对不同阶层的不同影响,才能真正出台好的农村政策,而不至于顾此失彼。

In the new century,the rural migrant workers taking rapid flow to their cities,while rural not leaving old,sick but at the same time of the farmers outflow,their farmland has to stay,and with extremely low price gives to their neighbourhood friends who still engaged in rural agriculture.So these famers have 20 mu around of the land and they may have even not below outdoor-workers income.This part of the farming households with 20 mu of land becomes a new emerging middle class.The rise of the ＂middle＂ class fills the entry of the vacuum rural society after their outflow in the new century,and become the basic force maintenance of the rural order.