危害丁香属植物的昆虫种类

Insects Causing Damage to Plants of the Genus Syringa

为了明确丁香属(Syringa spp.)植物虫害的防治对象,对黑龙江省森林植物园丁香园、黑龙江中医药大学校园、东北林业大学校园及部分家属区的绿化带内丁香属13种(变种)植物进行了整株虫害调查,系统地分析、总结了危害丁香属的昆虫种类,并给出了防治建议。调查发现,至少有11种昆虫危害丁香属植物。其中:蛀干类昆虫柳蝙蛾(Phassus excrescens Butler)危害紫丁香、红丁香、西南丁香、小叶丁香、洋丁香、关东丁香、大花重瓣洋丁香、暴马丁香、朝鲜丁香9个种(变种),寄主范围较广;食叶类昆虫丁香天蛾(Psilogramma increta(Walker,[1865)])危害紫丁香、红丁香、西南丁香、小叶丁香、关东丁香、紫叶重瓣洋丁香,为黑龙江省新纪录种;刺吸性害虫黑龙江粒粉蚧(Coc-curra ussuriensis(Borchs))只在暴马丁香上被发现;康氏粉蚧(Pseudococcus comstocki(Kuwana,1902))危害暴马丁香及小叶丁香;柳蛎盾蚧(Lepidosaphes salicina Borchsenius)对紫丁香、红丁香、西南丁香、白丁香、朝鲜丁香、洋丁香及其变种危害较重,偶见危害暴马丁香。此外,还有危害紫丁香叶部的饰棍蓟马(Dendrothrips ornatus(Jablonowsky,1894))及2种未鉴定的鳞翅目幼虫,危害暴马丁香叶部的2种尚未鉴定到种的为蓟马及1种蚜虫。

A survey was conducted on insects that cause damage to 13 species（variations） of plants of the genus Syringa in Heilongjiang Forest Botanical Garden and on the Campus of two universities（Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine and Northeast Forestry University） in Harbin.At least 11 species of insects are harmful to the investigated Syringa plants.The trunk borer Phassus excrescens Butler can cause injury and damage to nine species or variations,namely S.oblata Lindl.,S.villosa Vahl.,S.emodi,S.microphylla Diels,S.vulgaris Linn.,S.velutina Kom.,S.vulgaris ＇dahua＇,S.reticulata（Blume） Hara var.mandshurica（Maxim.） Hara and S.dilatata,which indicates that P.excrescens attacks an extremely wide range of host plants.The defoliator Psilogramma increta（Walker,） can damage S.oblata,S.villosa,S.emodi,S.microphylla Diels,S.velutina Diels Linn.and S.vulgaris cv.＇zihong＇.The phloem-sucking insect Coccurra ussuriensis（Borchs） was found only to cause damage to S.reticulata var.mandshurica.Pseudococcus comstocki（Kuwana,1902））is harmful to S.reticulata var.mandshurica and S.microphylla.Lepidosaphes salicina Borchsenius can cause great damage to S.oblata,S.villosa,S.emodi,Syringa oblata Lindl.var.alba Hort.ex Rehd.,Syringa dilatata Nakai,Syringa vulgaris and its variations,and occasionally can be found causing damage to S.reticulata var.mandshurica.Moreover,Dendrothrips ornatus（Jablonowsky,1894） was found to damage the leaves of Syringa spp.,two unidentified lepidopterous larvae feed on S.oblate,and two species of unidentified thrips and one species of aphid feed on S.reticulata var.mandshurica.