含油气盆地超压背景下油气成藏条件述评

Remarks on condition of hydrocarbon accumulation in petroliferous basin under the overpressure background

勘探实践表明,含油气盆地超压体系与油气藏关系密切,对油气成藏的各个要素及过程有着显著影响。超压抑制和延迟了油气的生成,保存和改善了储层的储集性能;增强了对烃类的封盖作用,扩大了液态窗的范围;不仅提供流体运移的现实动力,而且开辟了流体运移的自拓通道。随着理论研究和油气勘探工作的深入,超压研究涉及到含油气系统中的各个要素和作用过程,随着地质、地球物理、地球化学、油藏工程和计算机等各学科的有机结合,从定性描述到定量分析超压的形成及其产生的影响是今后超压研究的一个主要趋势。因此,展开沉积盆地中超压流体及其演化特征的分析,对于指导油气地质勘探具有重要意义。

Hydrocarbon exploration has proved that the overpressure systems in petroliferous basin have close relationships with reservoirs. It has significant influence on several factors and processes of hydrocarbon accumulation. Overpressure restrains or retards the generation of hydrocarbon, preserves and improves the porosity and permeability of reservoir. It also strengthens the sealing for hydrocarbon and broadens the range of liquid state window. It not only supplies the real motivity for hydrocarbon migration, but also inaugurates the pathways for hydrocarbons migration. With the deepening of theorical research and hydrocarbon exploration, discussions on influences of hydrocarbon generation by overpressure and combined with geology, geophysics, geochemistry, reservoir engineering and computer, the research trend of overpressure basins is to convert qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis. The analysis on overpressure fluids and basin evolution has important meanings for hydrocarbon exploration.