汶川震后灾区中学生PTSD时间趋势分析

Time trend of post-traumatic stress disorder among middle school students after Wenchuan earthquake

目的了解汶川震后灾区中学生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的变化情况。方法分别于2008年9、12月和2009年3月采用PTSD症状清单平民版对灾区中学生1 966人进行随访调查。结果震后4、7、10个月灾区中学生PTSD阳性例数分别为724、592、458例,总阳性率分别为37.1%、31.3%、25.2%,呈稳定的下降趋势(2χ=62.14,P<0.001),平均下降速度为17.6%;不同性别、年级、民族、居住地的灾区中学生,其不同阶段的PTSD阳性率均呈不同程度的下降趋势(P<0.05);震后4、7、10个月在地震中受伤的中学生PTSD阳性例数分别为60、37、35例,阳性率分别为57.7%、48.1%、41.7%,无明显下降趋势(2χ=3.3,P>0.05),其下降速度(14.8%)明显低于未受伤的学生(17.7%)。结论汶川地震后灾区中学生的心理健康状况仍不容乐观,今后应进一步有针对性的加强灾区学生的心理健康教育和随访研究。

Objective To describe the time trend of post-traumatic stress disorder among middle school students after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods A follow-up investigation was conducted to examine and diagnose post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD） among middle school students in the disaster region with PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version（PCL-C） and self-administered questionnaire 4,7,and 10 months after the earthquake,respectively.Results The general positive rate of PTSD was 37.1%,31.3%,and 25.2% 4,7,and 10 mouths after the earthquake,with a steady declining trend（χ^2=62.14,P0.001） and an average decline rate of 17.6%.The positive rate of PTSD among the students uninjured in the earthquake was significantly lower than that of students with injury.Conclusion The mental health of middle school students in the disaster region is not good,and targeted mental health education and further follow-up study are necessary.