季节变化对大鼠肺脏免疫功能影响的实验研究

Influences of seasonal changes on lung immune function in rats

目的探讨季节变化对大鼠肺脏免疫功能的影响作用。方法采用鸡红细胞吞噬法测定四季支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)吞噬功能;酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA法)检测四季BALF中的白细胞素-6(IL-6),γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和分泌型IgA(sIgA)含量。结果大鼠BALF中IL-6含量冬至低于秋分,差异显著(P<0.05),也低于春分、夏至,差异十分显著(P<0.01);IFN-γ含量秋分和冬至均低于春分和夏至,差异显著(P<0.05);sIgA含量秋分低于春分和夏至,差异十分显著(P<0.01),冬至低于春分和夏至,差异显著(P<0.05)。AM吞噬率呈现出春夏含量较高,秋冬含量较低的变化趋势,四季相比无显著性差异。结论肺脏免疫状态具有季节易感性,以秋季免疫力低下为主。肺脏的免疫功能均呈现春夏较高、秋冬较低的变化趋势,符合自然界"秋敛冬藏"的特点,这也为解释呼吸道疾病的秋冬季易感性提供了一定的实验依据。

Objective To discuss the influences of seasonal changes on lung immune function in rats.Methods The phagocytic function of alveolar macrophage（AM） in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid（BALF） in four seasons were determined by using chicken RBC englobing method.The content of interleukin-6（IL-6）,interferon-γ（IFN-γ） and sIgA in BALF were detected by applying ELISA.Results The content of IL-6 in BALF in the Winter Solstice was lower than that in the Autumnal Equinox with a significant difference（P0.05）,and lower than that in the Spring Equinox and the Summer Solstice with a great significant difference（P0.01）.The content of IFN-γ in the Autumnal Equinox and the Winter Solstice was lower than that in the Spring Equinox and the Summer Solstice with a significant difference（P0.05）.The content of sIgA in the Autumnal Equinox was lower than that in the Spring Equinox and the Summer Solstice with a great significant difference（P0.01）.The content of sIgA in the Winter Solstice was lower than that in the Spring Equinox and the Summer Solstice with a significant difference（P0.05）.The phagocytic rate of AM showed a trend of higher in spring and summer,but lower in autumn and winter,and there was no significant difference among four seasons.Conclusion The lung immunity has a seasonal susceptibility showing hypoimmunity mainly in autumn.There is a tendency of higher in lung immunity in spring and summer and lower in autumn and winter,which accord with the characteristics of constringency in autumn and store in winter in the nature.The study has provided a test evidence for explaining the susceptibility of respiratory diseases in autumn and winter.