美国市场30年(1980-2009)最热销的抗感染药品演变分析(Ⅰ)

Analysis of Top Antibacterial Drugs on American Market in 1980-2009(Part One)

该文所关注的是美国医院处方服务署(AHFS)编写的、每年出版一次的《药物信息》"Drug Information"以及每年公布一次的美国市场上最热销的前200位(200top drugs or 300 top drugs)。本文(Ⅰ)部分所关注的是2000年-2009年中10年间美国市场最热销的前200位药品(200 top drugs)中所涉及的抗感染药品(包括:抗微生物药、抗病毒药、抗真菌药和疫苗等),以及这些药物在临床使用中的演变。列入此10年间的Top200药物中的抗感染药品有35种:即大环内脂类有4种,磺胺类有1种,喹诺酮类有5种,青霉素类有2种,四环素类有3种,头孢菌素类有5种,抗病毒类有5种,抗真菌类有5种,氨基糖苷类1种,抗厌氧菌与原虫类等4种。这对于我国当前的医疗制度改革与促进抗菌药物的合理使用提供了可靠的参考依据。

The ＂Drug Information＂ published in United States once a year and compiled by AHFS （American Hospital Formulary Service） and ＂200 top drugs＂ by dispensed prescription announced once a year are concerned in this paper.The main topic of our paper deals with the antibacterial drugs in ＂200 top drugs＂of the decade （2000-2009） including antimicrobial drugs,antivirus drugs,antifungal drugs,vaccines,etc.and their changes in the clinical use.There are 35 antibacterial drugs included in the ＂200 top drugs＂ of this decade： macrolides 4,sulfa drugs 1,quinolones 5,penicillins 2,tetracyclines 3,cephalosporins 5,antivirus drugs 5,antifungal drugs 5,Aminoglycosides 1,anti-anaerobics and antiprotozoal drugs,etc.4.All of these provide the reliable reference for reforming the present medical system and promoting more rational application of antibacterial drugs in our country.