新余市被动吸烟控制策略及效果评价

Evaluation on Passive Smoking Control Strategy and its Result in Xinyu

目的探索新余市开展被动吸烟控制的有效策略,并对控制策略的效果进行评价,为政府有关部门制定相关政策提供依据。方法通过采用修订和实施公共场所禁止吸烟政策和法规、社会动员、创建无烟单位、创建无烟家庭和无烟社区、建立健全烟草控制社会网络等5大控烟策略在新余市开展控烟干预。于干预前(2007年6月)和干预后(2008年12月)采用现场观察法对新余市政府对外办公大楼、医院、学校、交通机构、餐馆和网吧6类28个场所的禁止吸烟的执行情况和禁止吸烟效果进行调查。采取拦截调查法对场所内人群1400人和市区内人群1000人进行关于吸烟和被动吸烟情况、吸烟相关知识和态度等的面对面问卷调查。结果干预后6类场所禁烟力度和禁烟执行效果均显著改善(P<0.05)。干预后人群对被动吸烟健康知识认识正确率明显提高(P<0.05)。干预后人群对学校、政府办公室、交通机构、网吧和餐厅的禁烟政策的支持率明显提高(P<0.05)。结论新余市被动吸烟控制5大策略的实施对提高群众吸烟危害知晓及控烟意识、降低被动吸烟暴露有效。

Objective To explore the passive smoking control strategy and its effect in Xinyu city. Methods There were 5 smoking control strategies implemented in Xinyu city, including the law and regulation of no smoking in public places, of rough uses revises and implements of the public place no smoking policy and the laws and regulations, whole society mobilization, creating smoking-free units, smoking-free homes and smoking-free community, and the establishing social network for tobacco control, etc. Before the intervention （in June, 2007） and the end of intervention （in December, 2008）, 28 places in municipal government department buildings, hospitals, schools, public transports, restaurants and the internet bars were investigated with field observation method on their status of tobacco smoking control. While with interception survey method, 1 400 subjects from the above 28 places and 1 000 people from urban districts were investigated on their status of smoking and passive smoking, KAP of smoking by face to face questionnaire. Results Implementation effort and effect of smoking ban in the above 28 places were improved after intePcention （P〈0.05） and the correct rate for the health knowledge of passive smoking among investigated people were also increased after intervention （P〈0.05）. After the intervention, the supporting rate for smoking ban in schools, government buildings, public transports, internet bars and restaurants were obviously increased （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The 5 strategies for passive smoking controls in Xinyu city were effective on the enhancement of people＇s awareness on smoking hazards and consciousness on smoking control, and reduce exposure to passive smoking.