从编外讲师到终身教授:德国大学学术职业的独特路径

From a Private Docent to a Tenured Professor:A Special Route of Academic Profession in German Universities

德国大学学术职业的晋升路径颇具特色,它通常包含三个方面:首先,必须具有博士学位和博士后研究经历,以便取得担任教师所必需的大学授课资格;其次,晋升编外讲师职位,获得承担教学任务的权利;最后,当教授职位空缺时,通过与其他候选人竞争获得终身教职。这条路径充满了风险和诱惑,没有规律可循。从编外讲师到终身教授的学术路径,构成了德国独具魅力的学术文化。

The advancing route of academic profession in German universities is unique,which usually includes three aspects.Firstly,possessing the doctoral degree and post-doctorate research experiences is essential to get the teaching qualification in universities;secondly,obtaining the post of private docent,and acquiring the rights of teaching;finally when the professorship is vacant,to acquire the academic tenure through competing with other candidates.This route is full of risks and attractions,which has no rules to observe.The academic route from a private docent to a tenured professor which makes German academic profession the most fascinating academic culture.