车尔尼雪夫斯基“美是生活”的美学思想与现实主义艺术观——以《艺术与现实的审美关系》为中心

Chernychevsky's "Beauty is life" and the Concept of Realistic Art——On The Aesthetic Relationship between Art and Reality

《艺术与现实的审美关系》一书"美是生活"的定义体现了车尔尼雪夫斯基美学思想的基本旨趣。这一定义不但摆脱了传统的美的定义的形而上学阴影,而且确立了美的现实生成基础。车尔尼雪夫斯基艺术观所提出的"艺术的第一目的是再现现实生活"和"艺术的另一作用是说明生活"则可以看作"美是生活"定义的具体应用,其中所包含的现实主义色彩既显示了他的唯物哲学倾向,也是这一审美"范式"转换的逻辑结果。

＂Beauty is life＂ is defined to reflect Chernyshevsky＇ s aesthetic ideology in his Master＇ s thesis The Aesthetic Relationship between Art and Reality. This definition not only disentangles the metaphysical shadow of the traditional definition of aesthetics, but also establishes the basis for aesthetic reality. Chernychevsky＇ s view of ＂art＇ s first purpose is to represent real life＂ and ＂another role is to explain life＂ can be seen as the specific application of his aesthetic ideology, with its realistic colors demonstrating the tendency of his materialist philosophy, the logical result of his aesthetic ＂paradigm＂.