发酵棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Immunity of Broilers

试验旨在研究发酵棉粕（FCM）替代豆粕（SBM）对AA肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化及免疫功能的影响，并确定发酵棉粕在AA肉鸡日粮中的最适添加量。试验选择480羽1日龄AA肉鸡（44．40±1．11）g，随机分成4组，每组6个重复，以玉米豆粕基础日粮为对照组，分别用5％、10％和15％的发酵棉粕替代豆粕。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加发酵棉粕对肉鸡平均日增重（ADG）、采食量（ADFI）和饲料增重比（F／G）无显著影响；21日龄时，添加5％FCM显著提高了肉鸡的血液IgG和IgM含量及法氏囊指数（P〈0．05），添加15％FCM显著降低了血清中尿素氮（UN）含量（P〈0．05），此外，3个FCM处理均能提高胸腺指数（P〈0．05），但对脾脏指数无影响；42日龄时，5％和10％FCM组显著降低了血清中的UN含量（P〈0．05），15％FCM还提高了胸腺和法氏囊指数（P〈0．05）。试验通过主成分分析，在试验范围内建立了评价FCM综合效果的参数z，并得到1～21日龄和22-42日龄阶段，FCM的适宜添加量分别为5％和15％。

This study was conducted to examine the effects of fermented cottonseed meal （FCM） partly instead of soybean meal（SBM） on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and immune function of broilers, and the best concentration was also determined. A total of 480 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers with the weight of （44.40±1.11） g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates, The experimental period lasted 42 days. The control feed was added SBM according to the feeding standard of broilers, whereas in the other three feeds FCM was included at 5%, 10%, 15% levels to replace responding SBM. The results showed that compared with control, it had no significant effect on average daily weight gain （ADG）, average daily feed intake （ADFI） and feed gain ratio （F/G） by adding the FCM but it could significantly improve IgG, IgM level and thymus index of the 21-days-old broilers （P 〈 0.05） by adding 5% cottonseed meal, while feed which contained 15% FCM can reduce the levels of serum urea nitrogen （UN） （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, thymus index was increased by FCM （P 〈 0.05）, while the FCM had no effect on spleen index. After 42 days, the study showed that adding 5%, 10% FCM could decrease UN levels （P 〈0.05）, while the thymus index and bursa index were significantly improved when 15% FCM added. The results indicated that SBM could be replaced by FCM with up to 15% without affecting the broilers growth performance. The study established a parameter Z which could evaluate the FCM by principal component analysis and the best concentration of FCM in 1-21, 22-42 days＇ periods were 5% and 15%, respectively.