不连续创新中技术组织结构与绩效研究

Research on impact of organizational structure on performance in discontinuous innovation based on NK model

分析了不连续创新中,技术组织决策结构对演化的影响。NK模型仿真显示,当新旧技术部门基因相互独立时,分权的组织模式能够给组织带来快速发展的能力,在短期和长期内都能实现较高的平均绩效。当新旧技术部门基因相互影响时,在适应度景观不变的情况下,分权模式不如整合模式和集权模式在长期内达到的平均适应度水平高;在适应度景观不断发生变化的情况下,分权模式还是优于其他模式的;在适应度景观不变化但组织特定时期发生重大调整的情况下,分权模式的平均适应度水平不如集权模式的平均适应度水平表现得好。因此,大部分动荡环境下,集权型技术组织都不如分权型和整合型技术组织表现得好。

This paper analyzes the complex nature of organizational evolution in discontinuous innovation and gives model explanation of organizational performance.Using simulation model,it finds that the decentralized pattern could make firms rapidly develop and reach high performance in both short and long run when the departments of old and new technology are independent.As the decision problem of one department is ＂Indecomposable＂ with the other,if the fitness landscape is stable,decentralized pattern is worse than reintegration pattern or centralized pattern;if he fitness landscape is shifting,decentralized pattern is still better than reintegration pattern or centralized pattern;if the organization form shakes periodical,decentralized pattern is not a wise choice.To sum up,in most situations centralized pattern is not the best selection.