文本与思想的理解和叙述——重温马克思、恩格斯对格律恩的批判

Understanding and Narration of Text and Ideology——Reviewing Marx's and Engels' criticism of Grun

思想史研究经常要面对文本与思想之间的关系问题。二者之间并不完全是一一对应的,根据文本而引申和推导思想有可能导致错位和失误;如果只借助"第二手"的材料来进行推测、揣摩和判断,研究基础就更不牢实,于是只能通过关注细节、描述客观和判断审慎来弥补。马克思和恩格斯甄别了格律恩在理解和叙述圣西门及其学说的误解,批判了格律恩不求甚解、断章取义的学术态度。这种批判在今天浮躁的学术界看来仍然振聋发聩。

The study of ideologies always confronts the relationship between text and ideology. Both of them are not totally corresponding since it may lead to malposition and mistakes to expound and deduce ideology according to text. It will lack a solid foundation for the study if we guess, reckon and judge with the sole help of second-hand materials so it has to make up through focusing details, objective description and meticulous judgment. Marx and Engels clarified Grun＇s mistakes in his understanding and narration of Saint-Simon and his theory, criticized Grun＇s wrong academic attitude of reading without thorough understanding and of interpreting out of context. The criticism is still effective in present impetuous academic circle.